ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the relationship between overweight and obesity, high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adolescents in Tangshan.Methods:Through cluster sampling, 1 023 adolescents aged 7-18 were selected from primary and secondary schools in Tangshan (January 2018 to January 2020). Questionnaire survey, blood pressure, weight, height measurement and ultrasound examination were performed. The incidence of LVH in 1 023 adolescents was statistically analyzed. 1 023 adolescents were divided into four groups according to whether they were overweight or obesity (overweight: weight for age Z score >2; obesity: height for age Z score >2) and whether blood pressure was high [high blood pressure: systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP)≥gender/age P 90 and <P 95; hypertension: SBP/DBP≥gender/age P 95]. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and the incidence of LVH were compared among different body weight and blood pressure. The relationship between overweight and obesity, high blood pressure and LVH was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results:Among 1 023 adolescents, 98 were LVH and 925 were normal; the BMI, SBP, DBP, high blood pressure rate, and overweight and obesity rate in LVH group were significantly higher than normal group ( t=13.179, 3.239, 4.093; χ 2=12.998, 120.861, P<0.05). The LVMI level of each group increased with the increase of body weight and blood pressure ( P<0.05); the incidence of LVH in the overweight and obesity group with high blood pressure was significantly higher than that in the overweight and obesity group with normal blood pressure; the incidence of LVH was significantly higher in the overweight and obesity group with normal blood pressure was significantly higher than that in the high blood pressure and normal weight group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the normal blood pressure and weight groups, the risk of LVH increased significantly in the obesity and overweight group with high blood pressure and normal blood pressure [ OR (95% CI): 12.04(4.95-29.14), 14.32(5.66-36.26)], while the risk of LVH did not increase significantly in the high blood pressure and normal weight group [ OR (95% CI): 2.53(0.61-10.21)]. Conclusions:The adolescents in Tangshan area have a higher incidence of LVH. Simple high blood pressure will not increase the risk of LVH. However, overweight and obesity combined with high blood pressure can further increase the risk of LVH. We should actively prevent high blood pressure, control overweight and obesity, and reduce the risk of abnormal cardiac structure in adolescents.